A condition where one vertebra slips forward over the one below, causing instability and nerve compression in the lower back. Learn about diagnosis and treatment.
Spondylolisthesis occurs when one vertebra slides forward over the vertebra beneath it. The most common form is degenerative spondylolisthesis, typically seen at the L4–5 level, where age-related wear loosens the facet joints that normally prevent forward movement. Less commonly, a stress fracture in the posterior arch (isthmic spondylolisthesis) allows the slip. The sliding vertebra can narrow the spinal canal and compress nerve roots, producing back pain, leg symptoms, or both.
Many people with low-grade spondylolisthesis (Grade I or II) live comfortably with the condition for years. Symptoms often fluctuate and respond to physiotherapy and activity management. Higher grades, persistent neurological symptoms, or documented progression of the slip are the main drivers toward surgical intervention.
Where surgery is needed, the appropriate procedure depends on whether the slip requires decompression alone or decompression combined with stabilisation. Mr. Rath will discuss each option candidly, including the expected recovery and the evidence behind it.
Online and in-clinic consultations available across the North West.
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